Surface processes refer to the physical and chemical processes that shape and modify the Earth's surface. These processes include weathering, erosion, deposition, and transportation of material on the Earth's surface. Surface processes are driven by various factors such as climate, tectonics, vegetation, and human activities. They play a crucial role in shaping landscapes, forming landforms, and influencing ecosystems. Understanding surface processes is important for predicting natural hazards, managing water resources, and conserving soil and biodiversity. Researchers in this area study the interactions between the atmosphere, hydrosphere, geosphere, and biosphere to unravel the complexities of surface processes and their impacts on the Earth's surface.